本研究では、82名の肥大型心筋症(HCM)症例(男性57.3%、平均年齢55.4歳)を対象として次世代シークエンサーによる遺伝子解析を施行し、44例(54%)で原因遺伝子変異を同定した。全例において心臓MRI所見を解析した結果、ガドリニウム遅延造影(LGE)は60例(73%)に認められ、%LGEの上昇は原因遺伝子変異の存在を予測する独立した因子であった(オッズ比=2.12、p<0.01)。%LGEの変異予測についてのROC解析ではAUC=0.96と高い精度を有し、カットオフ値>8.1%において、感度=93.2%、特異度=89.5%、陽性的中率=91.1%、陰性的中率=91.9%であった。
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) revealed a variation in the extent of myocardial scarring, a pathological hallmark of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We aimed to investigate whether variations in the extent of LGE in HCM patients can be explained by the presence or absence of disease-causing mutations. We analyzed data from 82 unrelated HCM patients who underwent both LGE-CMR and next-generation sequencing. We identified disease-causing sarcomere gene mutations in 44 cases (54%). The extent of LGE on CMR was an independent factor for predicting mutation-positive HCM (odds ratio 2.12 [95% confidence interval 1.5-3.8], P<0.01). The area under the curve of %LGE was greater than that of the conventional Toronto score for predicting the presence of a mutation (0.96 vs. 0.69, P<0.01). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of %LGE (cutoff >8.1%) were 93.2%, 89.5%, 91.1%, and 91.9%, respectively.