@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00012868,
 author = {Nakanishi, Hiroki and Kawara-Kiyoura, Naomi},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {植物地理・分類研究 = The journal of phytogeography and toxonomy},
 month = {Jul},
 note = {The reproductive biology of Hibiscus hamabo Siebold et Zucc.（Malvaceae）was studied in Nagasaki, Kyushu, southwestern Japan. This species is the northernmost distributed Hibiscus species in Japan, and the flowers are similar to those of H . tiliaceus, which is a pan tropical and subtropical species. The flowering period was ob-served to be limited to a month and a half, starting at the beginning of July, peaking in mid-July and ending in mid-August. Eight floral characters, petal length, petal width, style length, anther-stigma distance, anther-anther distance, pistil tip length, number of anthers and floral dry weight, and size of mature fruits and seed dry weight, were measured for two populations. The Togitsu population is small and isolated but surrounded by various ecosystems, and the Saikai population is larger and surrounded by natural vegetation. The measure-ments of reproductive organs, flower, fruit, seed production and seed weight were greater and more varied in the Saikai population. Pollination experiments with the following four treatments were done for these two popula-tions : hand cross-pollination, hand self-pollination, autonomous self-pollination and open-pollination. The re-sults of fruit sets and seed sets indicated that H . hamabo is clearly self-compatible but has inbreeding depres-sion. In open-pollinated flowers, fruit sets of the Togitsu population were significantly greater than those of the Saikai population. Fruit predation in the Togitsu population was also greater than that in the Saikai. A compari-son of these results with those of H . tiliaceus, a phylogenetically closely related species, indicated that the repro-ductive systems of H . hamabo are characterized by adaptation to the warm-temperate climate. A comparison be-tween the populations suggested that the size of the populations and the ecosystem diversity surrounding them were important for their breeding success.},
 pages = {47--56},
 title = {Reproductive biology of Hibiscus hamabo Siebold et Zucc.（Malvaceae）},
 volume = {52},
 year = {2004}
}