@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00014473,
 author = {Takata, Munetomo and Sugimoto, Naotoshi and Yamamoto, Norio and Shirai, Toshiharu and Hayashi, Katsuhiro and Nishida, Hideji and Tanzawa, Yoshikazu and Kimura, Hiroaki and Miwa, Shinji and Takeuchi, Akihiko and Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {Cryobiology},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {Insufficient bone union is the occasional complication of biomechanical reconstruction after malignant bone tumor resection using temperature treated tumor bearing bone; freezing, pasteurization, and autoclaving. Since bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) plays an important role in bone formation, we assessed the amount and activity of BMP preserved after several temperature treatments, including -196 and -73 °C for 20 min, 60 and 100 °C for 30 min, 60 °C for 10 h following -80 °C for 12 h as an allograft model, and 4 °C as the control. The material extracted from the human femoral bone was treated, and the amount of BMP-7 was analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, the activity of recombinant human BMP-7 after the treatment was assessed using a bioassay with NIH3T3 cells and immunoblotting analysis to measure the amount of phospho-Smad, one of the signaling substrates that reflect the intracellular reaction of BMPs. Both experiments revealed that BMP-7 was significantly better preserved in the hypothermia groups. The percentages of the amount of BMP-7 in which the control group was set at 100% were 114%, 108%, 70%, 49%, and 53% in the -196, -73, 60, 100 °C, and the allograft-model group, respectively. The percentages of the amount of phospho-Smad were 89%, 87%, 24%, 4.9%, and 14% in the -196, -73, 60, 100 °C, and the allograft-model group, respectively. These results suggested that freezing possibly preserves osteoinductive ability than hyperthermia treatment. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
 pages = {235--239},
 title = {Activity of bone morphogenetic protein-7 after treatment at various temperatures: Freezing vs. pasteurization vs. allograft},
 volume = {63},
 year = {2011}
}