@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00026938,
 author = {Matsushita, Takashi and Yanaba, Koichi and Bouaziz, Jean-David and Fujimoto, Manabu and Tedder, Thomas F.},
 issue = {10},
 journal = {Journal of Clinical Investigation},
 month = {Oct},
 note = {EAE is a mouse T cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the CNS used to model the human condition MS. The contributions of B cells to EAE initiation and progression are unclear. In this study, we have shown that EAE disease initiation and progression are differentially influenced by the depletion of B cells from mice with otherwise intact immune systems. CD20 antibody-mediated B cell depletion before EAE induction substantially exacerbated disease symptoms and increased encephalitogenic T cell influx into the CNS. Increased symptom severity resulted from the depletion of a rare IL-10-producing CD1d hiCD5+ regulatory B cell subset (B10 cells), since the adoptive transfer of splenic B10 cells before EAE induction normalized EAE in B cell-depleted mice. While transfer of regulatory B10 cells was maximally effective during early EAE initiation, they had no obvious role during disease progression. Rather, B cell depletion during EAE disease progression dramatically suppressed symptoms. Specifically, B cells were required for the generation of CD4+ T cells specific for CNS autoantigen and the entry of encephalitogenic T cells into the CNS during disease progression. These results demonstrate reciprocal regulatory roles for B cells during EAE immunopathogenesis. The therapeutic effect of B cell depletion for the treatment of autoimmunity may therefore depend on the relative contributions and the timing of these opposing B cell activities during the course of disease initiation and pathogenesis.},
 pages = {3420--3430},
 title = {Regulatory B cells inhibit EAE initiation in mice while other B cells promote disease progression},
 volume = {118},
 year = {2008}
}