{"created":"2023-07-27T06:50:14.292926+00:00","id":42941,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c499b446-b93b-4dfb-a21c-ce8fea0a27a8"},"_deposit":{"created_by":18,"id":"42941","owners":[18],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"42941"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00042941","sets":["2812:2813:2827"]},"author_link":["68662","68663"],"item_9_biblio_info_8":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2007-04","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageStart":"37p.","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"2004-2006","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"平成18(2006)年度 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(C) 研究成果報告書"},{"bibliographic_title":"2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_9_creator_33":{"attribute_name":"著者別表示","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{}],"nameIdentifiers":[{},{}]}]},"item_9_description_21":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"ネップ体制の成立を1921年飢饉と関連づけるなら、以下のことが明らかとなった。\n1.1921年飢饉は従来主張されているよりもはるかに広汎な規模で罹災し、特にヴォルガ流域、シベリア、ウクライナなどいわゆるロシアの穀倉地帯で被害が大きく、それはソヴェト=ロシアの政治的、経済的レヴェルで大きな影響力を持った。\n2.この飢饉を援助する余力はすでにポリシェヴィキ権力にはなく、アメリカ合衆国のNGO団体、ARAを含めて、国外組織の援助のみが実質的に機能した。\n3.戦時共産主義政策は内戦によって余儀なくされた政策であると、これまではレーニンをはじめとするポリシェヴィキ指導者の言質を根拠に主張されてきたが、むしろ内戦の終了後にこの政策はより厳しく適用された。\n4.当初の現物=食糧税の構想は戦時共産主義期に調達分配制度の根幹となった割当徴発の延長上に、すなわち、割当徴発制度を調達機能と分配機能に分離し、現物税+商品交換によって、未来の社会主義的生産物交換を目指していた。\n5.21年3月の第10回党大会の決議までは基本的にこの路線に基づいていたが、割当徴発による食糧調達の停止はこれまでの食糧事情を極限にまで悪化させ、食糧資源を持たず住民に食糧供給ができないポリシェヴィキ権力は従来の取引禁止政策を解除し、自由取引による住民の食糧獲得を図ったのが、3月28日づけ自由交換に関する布告であり、これは従来の路線からの大きな逸脱であり、新しい体制の嚆矢となった。\n6.これは食糧を求めての大量の担ぎ屋を全土に招き、これを組織する目的で導入されたのが協同組合商品交換と労働者組織商品交換であった。これらは穀物調達で国家商品交換と対立するようになり、未来社会を展望する商品交換体制はこのために21年秋までに実質的機能を果たすことなく崩壊した。\nこうして1921年飢饉の中でソヴェト=ロシアは、自由市場が全土に展開する中での新体制、ネップ体制の構築を余儀なくされた。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"Concerning of correlation between a formation of NEP system and a famine in 1921, the following facts proved clear on materials of archives.\n1. The scale of the damage of famine in 1921 was far larger than usually argued, especially in Central and Lower Volga, Siberia and Ukraine so called granaries of Russia. Therefore it had an effect on political and economic situation of Russia extensively.\n2. Not soviet organizations, but foreign NGOs, including American Relief Administration, gave principal aid to sufferers of the famine.\n3. In general it has been said that the war-communism policy was obliged to be introduced by Civil war, but in fact after the end of this war this policy, in other words, the illusions about communism were accelerated.\n4. In these circumstances the idea of tax in kind was originally formed from the scheme of Razverstka (a requisition of food ), which functioned not only as a mechanism of requisition but also that of distribution. That is to say, Leaders of Bolshevik s aimed for no-money or commodity exchange system, i.e. socialistic exchange system thorough Razverstka. They thought that tax in kind plus commodity exchange made the future of revolutionary Russia.\n5. The resolution of tax in kind adopted in 10th congress of Communist party followed in principle that course. But a halt of Razverstka aggravated food conditions of people seriously. Because a halt of Razverstka meant also an abolition of distribution system. So Bolshevik government was forced to permit a free trade for self-supporting. For this purpose a decree on free trade on 28th march was issued. This decree deviated from the previous course and was origin of NEP system.\n6. But this policy resulted in massive outbreaks of sack-men for food all over Russia. Bolshevik powers must organize them and for this purpose established new commodity exchange system (cooperative exchange system mainly for peasants and worker organization exchange system mainly for workers) besides state system. But these systems competed each other and finally state commodity exchange system mostly could not functioned. This also meant disappearance of the illusions about communism and the beginning of NEP system.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_description_22":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"研究課題/領域番号:16520437, 研究期間(年度):2004-2006","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"出典：「ソヴェト=ロシアにおいてネップ体制に及ぼした1921年飢饉に関する研究」研究成果報告書　課題番号16520437\n  (KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）)\n　　　本文データは著者版報告書より作成","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_9_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.24517/00049290","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_9_publisher_17":{"attribute_name":"公開者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"金沢大学文学部"}]},"item_9_relation_28":{"attribute_name":"関連URI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/search/?qm=50194733"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/search/?qm=50194733","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}},{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16520437/"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16520437/","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}},{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16520437/165204372006kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16520437/165204372006kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_9_version_type_25":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa","subitem_version_type":"AM"}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2017-12-09"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"LI-PR-KAJIKAWA-S-kaken 2007-37p.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.6 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"LI-PR-KAJIKAWA-S-kaken 2007-37p.pdf","url":"https://kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/42941/files/LI-PR-KAJIKAWA-S-kaken 2007-37p.pdf"},"version_id":"eb0f9809-a1e0-45ae-ab9d-e01cdb1befd5"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"research report","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18ws"}]},"item_title":"ソヴェト=ロシアにおいてネップ体制に及ぼした1921年飢饉に関する研究","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ソヴェト=ロシアにおいてネップ体制に及ぼした1921年飢饉に関する研究"},{"subitem_title":"A study on the effects of a famine in 1921 on NEP system in Soviet=Russia","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"18","path":["2827"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2017-12-07"},"publish_date":"2017-12-07","publish_status":"0","recid":"42941","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ソヴェト=ロシアにおいてネップ体制に及ぼした1921年飢饉に関する研究"],"weko_creator_id":"18","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-07-27T14:34:34.351541+00:00"}