@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00055042,
 author = {西嶋, 義憲 and Nishijima, Yoshinori},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {Intercultural communication studies : ICS},
 month = {},
 note = {By comparing some functionally equivalent routine formulas in Japanese
and German in corresponding situations, it is hypothesized that different strategies are
reflected in formulation patterns of routine formulas in both languages. For example,
different expressions are used by parents in Japanese and German if their child
bumps into a post. The two expressions are often used in corresponding situations in
both Japan and Germany and can therefore be regarded as functionally equivalent,
although the used strategies differ, i.e., the Japanese expression is based on sharing the
dangerous situation between the parent and the child, whereas the German one focuses
on providing an appropriate direction to the child. Comparing such functionally
equivalent routine formulas suggests that they reflect different strategies, including
politeness, in corresponding situations. This study tested this hypothesis by comparing
functionally equivalent routine formulas uttered in corresponding apologetic situations
in the socialization process of controlling children’s social behavior in Japan and
Germany. The results confirm the hypothesis and suggest that the difference in strategy influences the communicative behaviors of Japanese and German speakers. Concerning politeness, the results reveal the aspects considered polite in corresponding routine
formulas of the two languages. Furthermore, the communicative normality of each language is also reflected in its respective routine formulas and focus of attention in interactions. This information may be applied toward more efficient foreign language teaching., 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系},
 pages = {156--167},
 title = {Different Strategies in Apologetic Situations: A Contrastive Analysis of Functionally Equivalent Routine Formulas in Japanese and German},
 volume = {25},
 year = {2016}
}