@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00060771,
 author = {臼井, 洋一 and Ohta, Junichiro and Yasukawa, Kazutaka and Nozaki, Tatsuo and Takaya, Yutaro and Mimura, Kazuhide and Fujinaga, Koichiro and Nakamura, Kentaro and Usui, Yoichi and Kimura, Jun-ichi and Chang, Qing and Kato, Yasuhiro},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Scientific Reports},
 month = {Jun},
 note = {The deep-sea clay that covers wide areas of the pelagic ocean bottom provides key information about open-ocean environments but lacks age-diagnostic calcareous or siliceous microfossils. The marine osmium isotope record has varied in response to environmental changes and can therefore be a useful stratigraphic marker. In this study, we used osmium isotope ratios to determine the depositional ages of pelagic clays extraordinarily rich in fish debris. Much fish debris was deposited in the western North and central South Pacific sites roughly 34.4 million years ago, concurrent with a late Eocene event, a temporal expansion of Antarctic ice preceding the Eocene–Oligocene climate transition. The enhanced northward flow of bottom water formed around Antarctica probably caused upwelling of deep-ocean nutrients at topographic highs and stimulated biological productivity that resulted in the proliferation of fish in pelagic realms. The abundant fish debris is now a highly concentrated source of industrially critical rare-earth elements. © 2020, The Author(s)., 金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系},
 title = {Fish proliferation and rare-earth deposition by topographically induced upwelling at the late Eocene cooling event},
 volume = {10},
 year = {2020}
}