@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008532,
 author = {Matsumura, Kenta and Yamakoshi, Takehiro and Yamakoshi, Yasuhiro and Rolfe, Peter},
 journal = {BMC Research Notes},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {Background: Both the act of competing, which can create a kind of mental stress, and participation in motor sports, which induces physical stress from intense g-forces, are known to increase heart rate dramatically. However, little is known about the specific effect of competition on heart rate during motor sports, particularly during four-wheel car driving. The goal of this preliminary study, therefore, was to investigate whether competition increases heart rate under such situations. Findings. The participants drove an entry-level formula kart during two competitive races and during solo driving against the clock while heart rate and g-forces were measured. Analyses showed that heart rate values during the races (168.8 beats/min) were significantly higher than those during solo driving (140.9 beats/min) and rest (75.1 beats/min). Conclusions: The results of this preliminary study indicate that competition heightens heart rate during four-wheel car driving. Kart drivers should be concerned about maintaining good health and developing physical strength. © 2011Matsumura et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
 title = {The effect of competition on heart rate during kart driving: A field study},
 volume = {4},
 year = {2011}
}