@article{oai:kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00009259,
 author = {中山, 晶一朗 and Nakayama, Shoichiro and Watling, David},
 journal = {Transportation Research Part B: Methodological},
 month = {Aug},
 note = {Traffic flows in real-life transportation systems vary on a daily basis. According to traffic flow theory, such variability should induce a similar variability in travel times, but this "internal consistency" is generally not captured by existing network equilibrium models. We present an internally-consistent network equilibrium approach, which considers two potential sources of flow variability: (i) daily variation in route choice and (ii) daily variation in origin-destination demand. We particularly aspire to a flexible formulation that permits alternative statistical assumptions, which allows the best fit to be made to observed variability data in particular applications. Joint probability distributions of route-and therefore link-flows are derived under several assumptions concerning stochastic driver behavior. A stochastic network equilibrium model with stochastic demands and route choices is formulated as a fixed point problem. We explore limiting cases which allow an equivalent convex optimization problem to be defined, and finally apply this method to a real-life network of Kanazawa City, Japan. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd., Embargo Period 24 months},
 pages = {50--69},
 title = {Consistent formulation of network equilibrium with stochastic flows},
 volume = {66},
 year = {2014}
}